Sunday, 2 June 2013

Reading Is Right

Srishti works as a senior manager in a multinational and is highly upset with the new batch of trainees that have entered her organisation. “Every year the problem seems to be getting worse”, she complains, “These guys can’t even draft a letter properly. If I ask them to quote someone, they wouldn’t have even heard of the names! I wonder if they read anything while they were growing up. I give them a list of books to read and they hardly manage to finish even one over a three week period. They are good with their content but when it comes to reading, they just don’t want to go beyond the newspaper!”

This is not an isolated case. One of the major problems faced by many senior level managers today is the resistance of employees to reading new stuff. A sense of complacency settles in lives of many people once they have finished their college education and are well placed in their jobs. The only reading that many adults do is that of the daily newspaper. Mark Twain once remarked, “If you don’t read the newspaper, you are uninformed, but if you read the newspaper, you are misinformed.”

The key to survive the competitive market today is communication. The most important tool that aids communication is good language. And good language stems from good reading.

Michael Gove, the Education Secretary of the United Kingdom has said that kids should read at least 50 books a year. This follows a study undertaken by him on the falling standards of reading among teenagers in the UK.  Research shows that the chances of a seven year old owning a mobile phone is 90% higher than him owning a book.

That brings us to the question of the day. How do we address Shriti’s problem? Are we rearing a generation that is slowly losing out on the reading skills? If the answer to this is yes, then it’s time we got up and took stock.

I can hear voices that ask me, why do we need to read? If it’s for information: then it’s all there on the internet. If it’s for entertainment, then I have a movie to watch or a game to play? Why something as passive as reading?

And this is exactly where the misconception lies: Reading deceptively looks passive but is highly active in nature.

Reading activates synaptic connections in the brain that impact other sensory interpretations also. Recent research by the neuroscientist Stanislaus Dehaene indicates that reading actually improves the way the brain functions in a number of important ways. While the mind tries to discover how the characters feel and respond it also tries to see, hear and think like them. Meanwhile it tries to decipher counter arguments for the ones placed in the book.

“Most of my trainees”, says Srishti, “inform me that they never read anything but school text books through school. They were never encouraged either. A few of them read despite their schools but stopped somewhere down the lane”. This is why reading needs to be cultivated as a habit for life. It’s not difficult to get kids hooked on to reading. We just need to figure out what is it that encourages them to read. Without trying to impose what we think is right reading, we need to encourage the reading habit .If your kid loves fiction hand him ‘The diary of a Wimpy Kid’. If she adores nonfiction, the latest National Geographic could just do the trick. The process into initiating kids into reading has to be pleasant. Many kids read all their school books but do not step out of that domain. Forcing kids to read will only drive them further away.

Set up a reading time at home when all members of the family only read. Switch off the television; keeps your mobiles on silent; answer them only if there is an emergency and enjoy the reading session. Let your kids read light material if they do not want to read a novel. Display good books around the house. Some day she will be curious enough to pick it up. Take them book shopping, when you shop only for books and nothing else. Get them a library membership. Read the book she is reading and discuss it with her. That sends out the signal that you care about what she reads and you share his tastes. It might motivate her to want to pick up what you read so that she can discuss it with you!

Reading helps create pictures in the mind. These connections are highly important to the development of the brain. Programs on television offer the brain pictures and the brain finds accepting this less challenging .Hence it doesn’t take in as much. Ask anyone who has watched a movie made on a book they have read, they will always tell you that the movie disappointed them. The images of the movie clash with their mental pictures of the book and someone else’s idea in the movie never comes up to the movie in their own mind. I never found Dev Anand’s Raju Guide as delectable as R. K. Narayan’s.

This is where the genre of comics plays an important role. Super heroes fascinate. So let them revel in the world of Phantom, Superman, Batman or any other legendary hero. The Amar Chitra Katha Series is a major source of edutainment and has held generations captivated. Comic reading abounds in fantasy and fiction. The light reading that it provides along with images has the motivational power to get kids to read heavier stuff at their own discretion. 

Shristi noticed that her trainees used the most basic vocabulary. Even if she sent them back their project reports, they never came up with outstanding work. Most adults often find themselves stuck up for words. This is because they lack a vocabulary at their beck and call. The brain divides vocabulary into active and passive. Active vocabulary is relatively easy to recall and used regularly. The passive vocabulary however is in the subconscious mind, which comes to the fore when needed. The passive vocabulary bank is built when one reads and deposits words in them. The brain then attempts to use the words appropriately.

Shrishti also realised that most of her trainees were as comfortable with technology as they were at ill ease with books. Every succeeding generation is exposed more to technology than ever before. Every home today is a technology treasure trove with innumerable gadgets that garner attention of kids. These offer games, songs and other predetermined programs that have limited value in igniting the greatness of each individual mind.  They keep the kids entrapped with their glamour and glitz .A growing dependence on the internet, search operations, algorithms to monitor what sites we visit ensure that we are flooded with similar material at all times. Reading becomes the poor second cousin.

Can we then tap the power of technology to get kids to read?

E readers like Kindle and Nook offer books on the computer. Though most of them are on sale, there is a vast store house that allows free download of books. With technology in their hands, they feel they have something that belongs to them and something that they identify with. The iPad is also equipped with a good e reader.  

The internet readers today have so many options to choose from. The moment they figure out that content doesn’t engage them they move on the next link. This is increasing their level of intolerance towards reading. But this can also be used to their advantage. Accessing different stories simultaneously, the reader draws by his own path of natural curiosity to reach some option that he may never even have considered reading .The internet has the capacity to take people on a tour of self discovery.

You might not have kids reading 50 books in a year but half an hour a day of sound reading will lead to lifetime of experiences. Real or virtual, reading books is a life skill.

Confucius opined “No matter how busy you may think you are, you must find time for reading, or surrender yourself to self chosen ignorance.” These ring true even today.



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Sunday, 26 May 2013

Empower The Brain

The human brain is the most complex organ in our body. Its capabilities are infinite. While research on its potential is an ongoing process, the available data is yet to be put into use by the education system in our country.

Research shows that the brain finds it simpler to learn complex things. Information that is straight and simple is not challenging enough for the brain. It does not retain it. That is why we forget the 100 odd movies we have watched in our lifetime but we do remember that one movie which has affected us. This is because that one movie was complex in its situation, its artistry or its creation and that motivated the brain to retain that in our memory.

Most parents and educators believe that we need to simplify things for our kids. We presume they do not understand complex ideas. Research has proved that this is not true. John Medina, (author of Brain Rules) in his book speaks about a simple experiment that anyone can do. Take two groups of people. Give both the groups a list of words. Ask Group One to figure out the diagonal lines on the words. Ask Group Two to associate these words with experiences from their lives. Now take away the lists and after a few minutes ask them to write down words from the list. You will be surprised by the results. Group Two remembers more number of words as their task was more complex. The brain does not retain to memory very simple and monotonous tasks.

The most complex skills are learnt by a baby on its own. The baby learns to crawl, to sit, to toddle and to walk. The brain does the most complex learning early in life and on its own. The brain has evolved to learn by itself and is not meant to follow instruction. Yet we insist on giving instructions to our kids on a minute by minute basis!

“So do you want me to leave my kid all by himself till his brain teaches him how to live in this world? How is he going to survive?” I can almost hear you asking. Well, that’s how the brain has evolved... it has evolved to survive. It has evolved to think things out, to figure out relationships, to feel and emote, to figure out what information is important for its survival.

And that is why today’s kids are wired to technology. It is important for their survival. They instinctively know that they need to learn how to figure out technology before they figure out how to walk and talk. Kids as young as eight months can manipulate remote controls and iPad applications.

The brain is wired to explore and enjoy. It enjoys exploring complex stuff rather than plain and simple things. But as kids grow up we bombard them with so many instructions that soon the brain gives up its ability to explore and enjoy and chooses to just follow. We then deem this as the innate inability of our kids to learn things on their own; especially complex things. We begin to dumb down information so that we make it child friendly.

Every experience that we have adds to the capacity of the brain. By restricting experiences to the kids we reduce the development of the brain. Research shows that a healthy adult human brain has about 100 billion active nerve cells (sounds a lot but is only 20% of what we start with). By the time we enter adolescence our brain has chosen the nerve cells it will keep throughout adult life.

The more open we are with allowing our brain to dynamically change every moment, the more we allow our brains to grow.

Let us not limit our potential. Let us empower our brains.


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Monday, 20 May 2013

Look Within The Soul Of A Special Child

The Oxford dictionary defines autism as ‘a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by great difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts.’

Autism is a condition that needs to be handled with maturity and care.  In India autism awareness is growing. From labelling such kids as mentally retarded, the society is slowly opening itself to include them in mainstream activities.

But a lot remains to be done. Parents and teachers play a very important role in this. The first thing is acceptance. Once parents accept that their offspring is autistic, half the battle is won. I know it’s very difficult for parents to accept that their kid is different. But from acceptance springs inclusion. Once the mind finds itself in sync with the situation, finding the way out is easier.  Parental guidance and teacher monitoring of autistic kids helps them develop a variety of skills to handle life in a better fashion. Enjoy your child; he loves you unconditionally.

The spectrum of autism disorder cannot be defined in the initial stages. Let your child enjoy his childhood .He has a lifetime to mange things for himself. Let him discover himself as you too discover him. Ignite the greatness in your kid.

I have listed here some simple techniques which I know help  ensure the development of autistic kids in a holistic manner:
1. Prepare a background to what is happening in the classroom: Coordinate with the teachers at school. Find out what is planned for the week ahead. Prepare a base for that at home. Get him to read the textbooks or discuss the stories in literature. Do the science experiments at home. I have noticed that classroom interaction becomes easier as there is previous knowledge working at the subconscious level.
 
2. Nudge and prompt: Nudge and prompt them during the learning process. This makes it easier for the kids. They know that they have a helper in you. Your prompting motivates them to do better.
 
3. Supervise: Studies have shown that autistic kids under supervision work better than those left unsupervised.  When there is no supervision, autistic kids feel the lack of positive reinforcement and thus are not motivated to move ahead in their tasks. It is my strong belief here that subconsciously the child knows that they have an anchor in the adult around them.
 
4. Schedule: Prepare schedules for them. Autistic kids work best with strict schedules. Discuss any change in the schedule with them. Avoid surprises.  If possible depict the schedules as picture timetables. Work out on coded images for various tasks. Draw up a picture timetable. Autistic kids relate to images more than the written word.
 
5. Encourage peer tutoring and cooperative learning: When they mix with peers, they learn faster and better. Talk to the parents of other kids in their class.   Get their friends home. Let them work in peer study groups. This is a symbiotic relationship. And it’s my personal faith that both groups of kids benefit.
 
6. Create safe zones: Colour code your homes. Demarcate danger zones with RED. They will get the point.
 
7. Look out for non verbal clues: The autistic child is like a painting. He doesn’t speak through his words. You need to interpret him, not just understand him. Look for patterns in his behaviour; watch out for the non verbal clues.
 
8. Have fun: Don’t stress yourself and the kid with therapy. There is life beyond therapy. Enjoy his childhood like you would any child’s. Create opportunities for him to smile, laugh and holler. Hit the play ground, run amok on the beach, rollercoaster through rides at the amusement park. Instinctively autistic kids know which activities are therapy and which are sheer fun. They enjoy fun. Encourage them .The positivity that play generates will traverse other realms of life. My personal belief towards work stems from the fact that work is not work when it becomes play
 
9. Keep track of their sensitive senses: Most autistic kids are sensitive to touch, smell, taste and sound. Notice which of these has a calming effect on him and which triggers negativity. Track them and avoid the ones that disturb him.  A little care will enable to create better experiences. And this I am sure will enable us , parents and teachers to become more sensitive and nobler souls
 
10. Join support groups: There are lot of support groups online and offline. Join them. They really help to keep you motivated and kicking.
 
11. And the most important decision-choose the right school: Ensure the school follows an inclusion policy. The more autistic kids interact in a regular school, the more opportunities do they get to bloom. Schools with strong inclusion policies will ensure that there is constant interaction between you and the teacher. Parents opting for an inclusive school come with a higher level of awareness and willingness to accept. Kangaroo Kids And Billabong High schools reflect my vision through their inclusive policies 
 
2nd April is celebrated as Autism Awareness Day. For further information please check out: 
http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/waad
http://www.tacanow.org/





Sunday, 12 May 2013

Curriculum Is The Cure

My previous blog spoke about what is generally haywire with the assessments that are happening at large in our country. And even as I thought about the issue, my mind was racing to think about where the solution to this entire premise could lie.

Dorothy De Zouche, a teacher in from Missouri, way back in 1945, once said, “If I can’t give a child a better reason for studying than a grade on a report card, I ought to lock my desk and go home and stay there.” And yes, her words ring true even today. Schools need to create learning experiences that do not culminate just in grades.

The question here is how?

The answer lies in creating a curriculum that is strong enough to harness the needs of a growing generation and potent enough to tap its potential. Howard Gardner observed, “One can have the best assessment imaginable but unless the accompanying curriculum is of quality, the assessment has no use.”

With the declaration of CCEs as a system of evaluation, the market is flooded with books that claim to help teachers create the right assessments and also provide them with rubrics that are personalised yet based on national standards. With the focus on evaluation, education today has been reduced to the sum total of all evaluations rather than the sum total of all experiences. None of these assessments that are flooding the market are based on the experiences of the student. They are created as standalone packages and can be implemented irrespective of the experiences of the student. The constant evaluations only facilitates the  creation of  teachers who are experts at finding out how well a student is able to retain a collection of facts without being able to find out how experiences at school  shape his/her life. Teachers today have become experts at ‘cracking’ the blueprint of papers and thus students are saddled with ‘sure-shot questions’ or ‘sample papers’.

This is where curriculum plays an important role. When the school integrates the assessments into the teaching-learning process, evaluation becomes a part of the entire educational experience and hence no longer proves to be a traumatic experience. Educationist Alfie Kohn says that there is enough research to substantiate the fact that when the curriculum is engaging, when it involves hands-on experiences and interactive learning activities, students who aren’t graded at all perform just as well as those who are graded (Moeller and Reschke, 1993).

A curriculum that interweaves its assessments so well into its teaching that students do not feel that they are being watched at every moment is the need of the day. This is where Kangaroo Kids plays a very different role in today’s educational space. The curriculum that is well researched and planned integrates into its experiences assessments so seamlessly that they form a part of the whole experience without sticking out like a sore thumb. A quality curriculum that hand holds the student and the teacher by integrating various experiences, cutting through subjects and soaring through the realm of free thinking and creativity is what makes this curriculum stand apart from the rest of the crowd.




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Sunday, 24 March 2013

Break the mould

Teenaged Netra lived in the fear of her parents. She believed it was her moral duty to please them by scoring the maximum marks in every subject.   Her mother was very strict and often pushed her to excel in everything. She ensured that Netra went through the rigmarole of classical music and dance. But for Netra the experience was so rigorous and severe that it alienated her from the art form. She dreaded the classes and instead of growing to love it she grew to abhor it.  But her mother was oblivious to the growing resentment in her daughter .She believed that a girl from their community had to be trained in arts to be considered a well reared girl. The mother believed in the mould.

Today Netra is a parent of two teenage kids and during the course of one of our conversations, told me that she had read “The battle hymn of the Tiger mother” by Amy Chua. She could sometimes see her mother and sometimes herself in Amy Chua. She identified with the author and vehemently accepted that she was confused. As an educator I meet scores of parents and know that most who  read the book face the same confusion.  The confusion arises from the clash between their own upbringing and how they feel they should deal with their kids.

The case of extreme parenting as elucidated by Ms.Chua strikes a raw chord in almost every Indian parent of this generation .Most parents who have teenage kids face the similar dilemma as experienced by Ms.Netra. In trying to keep up pace with the highly competitive world, we want our kids to excel in everything resulting in the development of unnecessary emotional and social pressure. Most parents of this generation are, sadly, victims of this scenario themselves. Ask any engineer or doctor today, he/she will tell you how his/her youth was wasted over exams, exams and more exams.  Yet as a parent he/ she fears today that if not pushed their kids would not be as successful as they are today.

And here is where I would want each one of you to pause and think. Reflect on your own experiences. How different do you think life would have been if you had followed your heart and given vent to your creative thinking? What is, then your definition of success? Is success measured only in terms of clearing exams or would you rather measure success in a way that will enhance your child’s personality?

The human brain is capable of immense learning .The potential to learn is maximum at an early age and it is wise to tap this at an early age. But while doing so, one needs to be equally careful of what impact our actions could have on the subconscious mind of the child.  A very harsh and authoritarian parent can foster only negativity in the mind of the child towards the task and the task master (the parent or the teacher in question here). Many parents believe that only punishment can rectify. One doesn’t ‘rectify’ a child. An able parent will be one who gauges the impact of his or her action not in the immediate frame of time but in a lifelong perspective.

Little Roshan in preschool was upset that he made mistakes while writing the alphabets and this angered his mom. He refused to go to school as in his mind Mama was angry with him because of school. We had to speak to Roshan‘s mama to let her know that he was only learning and it was ok for him to pace ahead at his own speed. He did not have to fit the mould in her mind.

Child hood fears and scars sometimes surface in the adult age of an individual. Parents can be really pushy at times trying to relive their childhood dreams through their children. Reality shows show aggressive child participants and even more aggressive parents. What does the child of a pushy argumentative parent learn? He learns that one needs to be over competitive. He never learns to lose with grace. He never learns that failure is not the end; it is in fact a stone to progress.

But that also doesn’t mean that a parent acts only to keep his child happy. A permissive parent too doesn’t succeed. Children need role models and a parent who says ok to everything is not ok for the child. Children grow up thinking that my parent never thinks about what I do or why I do that .He/ she doesn’t care about me. A highly unregulated environment could also misguide the child.

Netra now  knows that there is no right or wrong style of parenting. What are important are the practices she sets up for the children in such a way that the child feels cocooned and safe and yet grows up daring to be adventurous.

Confusion is bound to be around as each child is different.Ms. Chua imposed certain rules on both her daughters. Her elder one heard her out but these rules  held no water for the younger one .The same style of parenting will not work .Each child is different and demands a different strategy. As much as we would want, it is difficult to treat all our children alike. I feel that we need to differentiate, so as to ensure that we allow each one to develop his or her own traits. Do we treat all our colleagues in the same way? No, we have different perspectives for each one and decide our strategy based on what his or her personality is.

And this is what we need to do when we deal with our kids too. Each kid is an individual in his own right and we need to treat them that way. Nurture as you go along and proudly watch your child find his own way. Do not make the mould and try to fit him into it. Break the mould. Let him mould himself. Just be the wind under the wings and see him soar to glory...........


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Monday, 11 March 2013

The age of the Entrepreneur


Speaking to Raj and Amit, both who are entrepreneurs in today’s market, I realised how the skill to take initiative is one that we consciously need to develop in our kids. Both are successful business men who decide to strike it out on their own for personal and professional reasons. Both agreed that it was only in their thirties that they had decided to do this and one of the key motivational factors was to be their own boss. They did not want to work for someone else. Moreover they enjoyed the fact that they could take the risk and push the envelope.  It brought out their hidden leadership skills and the sense of responsibility to their own ambition. 

As parents we regularly ask our kids “What did you do today?’”But how often do we ask them, “What did you begin today?” Do we actually believe that innovation and the need to take initiative are skills that kids need to develop? When we think of ‘new’ we usually think of new products. 
Do we think of new ideas, new beliefs and new notions that we can cultivate in a child’s mind? Ever observed a four year old with a toy train? He wants to know what makes it run and usually tries to open it up to figure out what makes it run.  Do we let him? No, we fear he might get hurt or at times worry how costly the toy train is. Systematically we destroy every initiative he makes to unravel mysteries for himself. Soon he curbs his curiosity and stops taking initiative. Parents love compliance. It just easier to manage a quiet, compliant kid than a thinking, questioning, curious little brat.  

When I began Kangaroo Kids, Entrepreneurship was not what a parent usually wanted his/ her child to be in. But the scenario is fast changing. The age of the Entrepreneur is here. We have moved from the Industrial Age into the Conceptual age and now is the time to heed to Seth Godin who says POKE THE BOX. 

The last century belonged to people who were ready to think out of the box. Innovation was the key to success and one needed to rebel against set rules if one had to move above the crowd. We are a generation that is unlearning what we learnt .But are we still teaching our kids the same? We have to teach them to not just think out of the box but to poke the box. The space above the crowd is also getting crowded now. With increased awareness about thought processes that can move and shake the world, we have travelled over a decade into the new millennium and the time for a paradigm shift in thought process is slowly hovering over the horizon. 

With job markets getting stale and economies going for a toss, the biggest alternative that an individual today has is to strike it out on his own. His conviction, his passion fuelled by his needs will determine the trajectory he chooses to follow. If Robert Frost took the path less trodden, the winner of tomorrow needs to tread the path that he decides to create for himself.

And this is where we can gift our kids with the biggest skill and attitude of the times: the guts to initiate.  Seth Godin’s book talks about how to take initiative at the corporate level but the insights he offers can just be transferred to parenting.

Just ask your kids to write down two lists: What they are allowed to do and what they are not (by you). You will find that they are able to complete the longer ‘not allowed’ list faster than they are able to complete the ‘allowed’ list. This is because its innate human nature to remember what he is not allowed to do as that gives him the choice to rebel against it. Ask him what he would want to do the most in the not allowed list (and if it doesn’t fall in the realm of endangering life, then let him take the initiative to do it.) 

Boundaries are usually in the mind. We have so many boundaries for ourselves that we transfer the boundaries to our kids. So the next time you daughter tells you she wants to be a rock star, get her a guitar. Let her poke the box.






Sunday, 3 March 2013

Evaluating the evaluation systems

What is the purpose of education? Why do we send our children to schools? What do we expect out of a fifteen year process? These are the questions that matter the most when we think about educational systems and its impact on society.

Toppers in English who can’t speak a grammatically correct sentence in English to toppers in Mathematics who can’t apply their knowledge in daily life situations are no different from the dropouts who appear at the other end of the spectrum. Where is the system then regularly and systematically churning out individuals who are ‘educated’ ‘marks –heavy’ but highly unskilled and market ‘un-ready’?

All these questions lead us to the one place where our education system has faltered: the Examination and evaluation systems that we have in place in our schools and colleges. Following the historically set systems of the British who wanted educated Indians who could read and write like an English man but work like an Indian, we still have courses that are content heavy and exams that test retention of content.

With rising voices of dissent among educators and the globalisation bringing alternative educational practises to our door steps, the Gigantic Indian education system has woken to the need to change these patterns.

And The Continuous comprehensive Evaluation system was introduced in schools by the Central and State governments. 

It’s almost two years now that the Continuous Comprehensive evaluation has been accepted by most schools across the country. Hailed as revolutionary and forward looking, aiming to clear the mess that the evaluations systems are in, as they existed in our country, the CCEs seemed to be an answer to all the ills that plagued the old Giant.

Rubrics to grade students meant a variety of parameters for each and every aspect of the task at hand. The student would now be graded on not just what he thought about a book but also on why he thought it, and how he presented the work. Ah! Weren’t we covering every little thing? Wasn’t it so objective now? We didn’t leave much to the teacher’s discretion. Oh, she could not now be partial and impose her thought process on the write up! Yes, we had rectified the process or so did the world of educators and evaluators think.

Has this pattern really changed anything? Has it made us better educators or has it enabled creation of better learners? Loop holes as huge as creators on the moon are staring at our face today. The life of a student is suddenly surrounded only be tests and exams: some announced and some unannounced. If the school offers 6 subjects for a fifth grader then he is scrutinised almost 96 to 120 times in a single academic year! 

Teachers have turned into data entry points, with each teacher filling up sheets and sheets of data regarding the various parameters being tested .Teachers have to observe up to 60 students in a class on a daily basis and fill in observation charts.  Given that each teacher deals with at least 5 classes that comes to 300 students a day.  So that means that a teacher needs to observe ever 300 students respond to debates, discussion, behave with friends and react to situations on a daily basis with a highly balanced mind.  That’s not a tall order, or is it?

How eager will be a child to write an essay when he knows that each aspect of his essay will be graded? His concentration on parts will lead him away from the whole. The details take over the bigger picture. Earlier we were testing the end product but now we are testing the entire process. And that has taken away the fun of learning. The process is equally stress filled now.

Feedback has to be qualitative .Kids need to know how they can write better or how they can apply their math better. They need not be told that 50 % of what they have done is right or that their writing is within acceptable standards. They need to know why the other 50 % is wrong and what can be done to improve that. They need to be told writing is meant to free the mind and express their inner selves. They need to be prepared for the ‘real world’ which is beyond marks, rubrics and grades.

We need to evaluate our evaluating systems.